IU School of Social Work Partnership with Indiana Department of Child Services

poster abstractpoThe Indiana University School of Social Work (IUSSW) has continued a partnership with the Indiana Department of Child Services (DCS) since 2001, providing Master/Bachelor's level education and pre-service training for the employees of DCS. As part of the ongoing evaluation of the services provided by IUSSW, a cohort of BSW graduates and a cohort of DCS trainees were surveyed to compare the relative strengths and challenges that new Family Case Managers face as they begin their careers in the demanding public child welfare system. A survey was adapted from the New Jersey social work education partnership and administered at five to seven months after the students/new employees had graduated/completed training. Survey results indicate that the BSW graduates felt more competent than their counterparts who attended twelve weeks of pre-service training on many items, some of which were significant. There was similarity on some areas that both the BSWs and trainees felt less competent which has implications for curricular changes for both forms of training to prepare the child welfare workforce. Retention data also shows that the BSW group was more likely to remain in employment almost one year later, however, results are limited by very small sample sizes

TALKING ABOUT CLONE CLUB: A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF ORPHAN BLACK

Orphan Black is a television series rich with complex female clone characters and themes of surveillance and monster/monstrous feminine. I explore these two main themes through an analysis of the on-screen action in several characters’ story arcs. I am examining Orphan Black while revisiting Donna Haraway’s “A Cyborg Manifesto” and considering the genres of horror and science fiction. I argue that the representation of the clones destabilizes woman as Other in terms of female monstrosity, expands the cyborg metaphor, and contributes to the feminist analysis of science fiction

Banking on Biometrics: Your Bank\u27s New High-Tech Method of Identification May Mean Giving Up Your Privacy

This Comment investigates privacy implications stemming specifically from the use of biometrics in the banking industry. Part II of this comment defines biometrics. The various types of, and uses for, this technology are presented in this section. Part III investigates the right to privacy. The history of the right of an individual to protect her privacy is then presented, and the sources of this fundamental right are identified. Part IV details the modern trend of the use of biometrics in the banking industry. An analysis is then made concerning the implications of privacy protection of this information. This comment concludes in Part V with suggestions for potential legislation necessary to protect biometric information gathered for identification and verification purposes in the banking industry

The Assessment of Social Anxiety Leading to an Intervention for Untolerated Denture Prostheses

Abstract not provided

Family resilience and adaptive coping in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: protocol for a systematic review

Background  This systematic review is the first step in a study investigating the resilience methods and processes in families of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. In particular, this review will focus on chronic or persistent pain, as a common symptom of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, which is the most common rheumatic disease in childhood. The experience of persistent pain can add to the functional disability associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Resilience has relevance to all areas of paediatric psychology, and targeted attention to child, sibling, and parent strengths within the context of paediatric chronic pain and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in particular will augment the field on numerous levels. The objective is to determine which resilience processes are associated with a favourable quality of life in terms of academic, communication, emotional, interpersonal, physical, psychological, and social well-being in families of children with chronic pain associated with JIA.  Methods/design  This systematic review will be conducted and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and the PRESS (Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies) guideline.  Longitudinal, cross-sectional, and treatment studies written in English will be included, as will grey literature (i.e. conference abstracts and dissertations).  Studies involving participants who are 6–18years of age, have been diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, are experiencing chronic pain, and are currently undergoing treatment will be included regardless of sex, arthritis type, and type of treatment. Studies including siblings who are 6–18years of age and the patient’s parents will be included.  Discussion  Research exploring resilience within the adult population is accruing. Shifting our focus to protective factors of resilience in the context of paediatric chronic pain, specifically juvenile idiopathic arthritis, is a novel and promising pursuit that has the potential to optimize and inform future clinical practice and interventions. A better understanding of the role of reliance in family adaptation will facilitate the development of more effective treatment approaches and lay the foundation for more effective self-management in paediatric chronic pain.  Systematic review registration  This protocol is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (registration: CRD42016047226)

Child and family adaptation to Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis - a systematic review of the role of resilience resources and mechanisms

Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in childhood, with chronic pain being a main symptom. JIA symptoms can lead to substantial disability in children and their families. While preliminary evidence reveals the potential beneficial role of resilience in dealing with chronic pain, research on the role of resilience in how families of a child with JIA cope with pain-related symptoms is scant and dispersed. Objectives: Using the framework of the Ecological Resilience-Risk Model, this review aims to identify (1) family characteristics that are associated with both risk and resilience in children with JIA and (2) the contribution of individual and parental resilience mechanisms and resources to resilience outcomes in children with JIA and their families. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, Psycharticles, and PsycINFO were systematically searched. Longitudinal, cross-sectional, and treatment studies written in English with a focus on resilience resources and/or mechanisms in families of a child (6-18 years) with JIA were included. The original search (July 2016) produced 415 articles, with a final sample of 6 articles remaining after screening. An updated search (July 2018) did not identify new articles, but identified one extra article through personal communications. The 7 articles were included in a narrative review and study quality was assessed. Results: Limited research was available on the role of family characteristics, with just one study revealing how family dysfunction is related to reduced child resilience. Studies evaluating the role of individual resilience mechanisms and resources most commonly assessed resilience outcomes in terms of recovery and sustainability outcomes, such as health-related quality of life (HRQL) and functional disability. The findings revealed that children’s psychological flexibility, self-efficacy, adherence, pain acceptance and perceived social support contribute to resilience outcomes. Findings were inconclusive for the influence of coping strategies, such as seeking social support. Conclusions: While our knowledge is growing, a better understanding of how familial and individual resilience resources and mechanisms influence adjustment to chronic pain as part of JIA is needed and can stimulate development of targeted interventions to enhance outcomes for children with JIA

The impact of cognitive functioning on mortality and the development of functional disability in older adults with diabetes: the second longitudinal study on aging

BACKGROUND: For older adults without diabetes, cognitive functioning has been implicated as a predictor of death and functional disability for older adults and those with mild to severe cognitive impairment. However, little is known about the relationship between cognition functioning on mortality and the development of functional disability in late life for persons with diabetes. We examined the relative contribution of cognitive functioning to mortality and functional disability over a 2-year period in a sample of nationally representative older US adults with diabetes who were free from cognitive impairment through secondary data analyses of the Second Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSOA II). METHODS: Participants included 559 US adults (232 males and 327 females) ≥ 70 years old who had diabetes and who were free from cognitive impairment were examined using an adapted Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status (TICS), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to investigate the independent contribution of cognitive functioning to three mutually exclusive outcomes of death and two measures of functional disability status. The covariates included in the model were participants' sex, age, race, marital status, educational level, duration of diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) status, and self-rated health. Persons with diabetes who had the lowest levels of cognitive functioning relative to the highest level of cognitive functioning had a greater odds of dying (AOR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.67–0.96) or becoming disabled (AOR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78–0.97) compared to those people who were disability free. CONCLUSION: Older adults with diabetes and low normal levels of cognition, yet within normal ranges, were approximately 20% more likely to die and 13% more likely to become disabled than those with higher levels of cognitive functioning over a 2-year period. Brief screening measures of cognitive functioning could be used to identify older adults with diabetes who are at increased risk for mortality and functional disability, as well as those who may benefit from interventions to prevent or minimize further disablement and declines in cognitive functioning

Periodic Health Examinations and Missed Opportunities among Patients Likely Needing Mental Health Care

Periodic health examinations (PHEs) are the most common reason adults see primary care providers. It is unknown if PHEs serve as a "safe portal" for patients with mental health needs to initiate care. We examined how physician communication styles impact mental health service delivery in PHEs

Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard formula for preterm infants

BACKGROUND: Preterm infants may accumulate nutrient deficits leading to extrauterine growth restriction. Feeding preterm infants with nutrient-enriched rather than standard formula might increase nutrient accretion and growth rates and might improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of feeding with nutrient-enriched formula versus standard formula on growth and development of preterm infants. SEARCH METHODS: We used the Cochrane Neonatal standard search strategy. This included electronic searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2018, Issue 11), MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (until November 2018), as well as conference proceedings, previous reviews, and clinical trials databases. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials that compared feeding preterm infants with nutrient-enriched formula (protein and energy plus minerals, vitamins, or other nutrients) versus standard formula. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data using the Cochrane Neonatal standard methods. Two review authors separately evaluated trial quality and extracted and synthesised data using risk ratios (RRs), risk differences, and mean differences (MDs). We assessed certainty of evidence at the outcome level using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods. MAIN RESULTS: We identified seven trials in which a total of 590 preterm infants participated. Most participants were clinically stable preterm infants of birth weight less than 1850 g. Few participants were extremely preterm, extremely low birth weight, or growth restricted at birth. Trials were conducted more than 30 years ago, were formula industry funded, and were small with methodological weaknesses (including lack of masking) that might bias effect estimates. Meta-analyses of in-hospital growth parameters were limited by statistical heterogeneity. There is no evidence of an effect on time to regain birth weight (MD -1.48 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) -4.73 to 1.77) and low-certainty evidence suggests that feeding with nutrient-enriched formula increases in-hospital rates of weight gain (MD 2.43 g/kg/d, 95% CI 1.60 to 3.26) and head circumference growth (MD 1.04 mm/week, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.89). Meta-analysis did not show an effect on the average rate of length gain (MD 0.22 mm/week, 95% CI -0.70 to 1.13). Fewer data are available for growth and developmental outcomes assessed beyond infancy, and these do not show consistent effects of nutrient-enriched formula feeding. Data from two trials did not show an effect on Bayley Mental Development Index scores at 18 months post term (MD 2.87, 95% CI -1.38 to 7.12; moderate-certainty evidence). Infants who received nutrient-enriched formula had higher Bayley Psychomotor Development Index scores at 18 months post term (MD 6.56. 95% CI 2.87 to 10.26; low-certainty evidence), but no evidence suggested an effect on cerebral palsy (typical RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.30 to 2.07; 2 studies, 377 infants). Available data did not indicate any other benefits or harms and provided low-certainty evidence about the effect of nutrient-enriched formula feeding on the risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants (typical RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.25; 3 studies, 489 infants). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Available trial data show that feeding preterm infants nutrient-enriched (compared with standard) formulas has only modest effects on growth rates during their initial hospital admission. No evidence suggests effects on long-term growth or development. The GRADE assessment indicates that the certainty of this evidence is low, and that these findings should be interpreted and applied with caution. Further randomised trials would be needed to resolve this uncertainty